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The family court of the Superior Court of the District of Columbia has partnered with the D.C. Office of the Attorney General and other D.C. government agencies to create a new entity, the Fathering Court, presided over by Magistrate Judge Milton Lee, a School of Law faculty member who was appointed to the bench in 1998 and who currently serves as a member of the adjunct faculty.
The Fathering Court will help an initial class of 45 noncustodial, recently incarcerated fathers become responsible for their children through a combination of needs assessment, case management, and linkage to community resources, including drug treatment, mandatory fathering classes, employment training, and family and parental educational classes.
Judge Lee is quoted in an article published on the D.C. Bar Web site (www.dcbar.org) about the challenge this new program represents. "Judges who hear child support cases can grow weary of excuses, just as those returning from prison can grow weary of job application rejections, and custodial parents can grow weary of not receiving court-ordered child support. And the children living without the benefit of appropriate financial and emotional support from both parents are the ones who suffer most. We know that children benefit from having both parents involved in their lives. Moreover, offenders are less likely to reoffend when they are appropriately connected to their families. In the end the community benefits when those returning from a period of incarceration have a meaningful opportunity to be productive parents."
Judge Lee joined the faculty of the District of Columbia School of Law in 1993 where he supervised students in the Juvenile Law Clinic. Judge Lee continued his focus in the classroom, teaching Evidence, Criminal Law and Procedure, Trial Advocacy, and Wills and Estates. In 1995 he received the Professor of the Year Award from the student body. He has continued to serve the law school community as an adjunct faculty member, and in 2004 again received the Professor of the Year Award. After serving on the Superior Court Task Force for Families and Violence, Judge Lee assisted in the development of the Teen Court Diversion Program. In addition, Judge Lee has been a consistent contributor to the Criminal Practice Institute, Neglect Practice Institute as well as many other local bar programs. He has also taught in the Harvard Trial Advocacy Program for several years.
Professor William L. Robinson was the recipient of UDC's Distinguished Leadership Award during the University's annual Founders' Day Convocation & Awards Ceremony. The Distinguished Leadership Award recognizes members of the University community whose life's work has exemplified outstanding leadership.
Professor Robinson, founding Dean of the District of Columbia School of Law and the University of the District of Columbia School of Law, and a tenured member of the faculty of the UDC David A. Clarke School of Law, was recognized for his achievements as an outstanding litigator, educator, leader of the civil rights bar, and a hero in the law.
Professor Robinson is a 1963 graduate of Oberlin College and earned his LL.B. at Columbia University Law School. While a student at Columbia, Professor Robinson was an activist in the civil rights movement. He spent substantial time in the Deep South doing legal research on voting rights and sit-in demonstration cases. During the first year after his graduation, he was Executive Director of the Law Student Civil Rights Research Council where he had an opportunity to personally meet civil rights lawyers across the South and assign law students from northern-based law schools to work under their supervision.
In 1967, Professor Robinson joined the staff of the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund where he litigated a wide variety of civil rights cases including public accommodations, school desegregation, public housing, and employment discrimination. In time, he became Director of the employment discrimination practice area and First Assistant Counsel for all the Fund's civil rights litigation. He and his team achieved two broad objectives in employment discrimination law: reforming procedural law and giving meaning to its substantive content. As adopted, Title VII offered relatively few protections to minority workers simply because the statute contained so many technical procedures that ordinary workers were unable to effectively pursue their claims. Professor Robinson and his team won over twenty-five cases in the Circuit Courts of Appeals which essentially rewrote the procedural requirements of the law so that laypersons could effectively bring their claims.
Professor Robinson played a primary role in taking before the Supreme Court the two cases which gave substantive definition to the statute for the first time since its enactment. Each of the cases is seminal; taken together, they lay the foundation for all claims of discrimination under modern civil rights litigation. In Griggs v. Duke Power, the Court announced the disparate impact theory of discrimination that is the template for proving claims of systemic discrimination. In Green v. McDonnell Douglas, the Court announced the disparate treatment theory of discrimination which sets forth the guidelines for proving discrimination against an individual claimant. These cases continue to be the landmark decisions for proving cases of systemic discrimination against individuals and minority groups under Title VII, all subsequent civil rights legislation, and numerous other statutes.
Professor Robinson was also counsel of record and presented argument to the Supreme Court in Phillips v. Martin Marietta, the very first case it heard based on Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. He persuaded the Court to hold that an employer may not refuse to hire a woman because she had pre-school age children.
Shortly after the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission was given court enforcement authority, Professor Robinson left the Fund to be Associate General Counsel in charge of all trial court litigation for the EEOC. He had primary responsibility for developing the Agency's litigation program throughout the country. He personally approved all complaints and settlements that were filed in court and represented the Agency in numerous cases including negotiating the nationwide settlement with the steel industry that was approved by the courts in EEOC v. Allegheny-Ludlum.
Professor Robinson left the EEOC to become Executive Director of the Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law, a private civil rights organization first formed at the request of President John F. Kennedy. During the Reagan presidency, he was a key player in the coalition of civil rights advocates who persuaded Congress to pass nineteen civil rights statutes, representing more civil rights legislation than at any other time in the nation's history. He is especially proud of having represented the Southern Christian Leadership Conference in Helms v. SCLC. This case rebuffed Senator Jesse Helms' efforts to make public the spurious FBI wiretap tapes of Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr., and prevented the senator from derailing the Martin Luther King, Jr.'s Birthday holiday bill.
Professor Robinson then became the founding Dean of the District of Columbia School of Law, which later merged with the University of the District of Columbia. During his ten-year tenure as Dean and Professor of Law at the District of Columbia School of Law (DCSL) and the University of the District of Columbia School of Law (UDCSL), he led the successful implementation of the school's mission to increase opportunities for minorities and others from traditionally under-represented groups at the bar, to represent low-income residents of the District of Columbia, and to train ethical public interest lawyers. Under his leadership, DCSL earned the award of provisional accreditation from the American Bar Association (ABA) within three years of opening the school's doors so that the founding class could graduate from an accredited law school. Dean Robinson steered the law school to a second grant of provisional accreditation when the ABA required the school to seek accreditation anew after the merger with the University of the District of Columbia.
After stepping down as Dean in 1998, Professor Robinson spent the 1998-1999 academic year as the W. Haywood Burns Professor of Civil Rights Law at CUNY School of Law. He was a Visiting Professor of Law at the University of Maryland School of Law in 1999-2000.
The entire law school community took pride in welcoming Professor Robinson back to the School of Law campus in fall 2000. He has since taught several courses, including Employment Discrimination, Civil Procedure, Race and the Law, Remedies, and a Civil Rights seminar, and served as Director of the Internship Program where he teaches a seminar and oversees the work of students working in public service and public policy placements in the Washington area.
He is a gifted teacher who has received outstanding teaching evaluations annually throughout his teaching career and has served as mentor to countless students seeking careers in the public interest and civil rights field. In deed and action, his life's work has exemplified outstanding leadership and recognizes the importance of an education at the University of the District of Columbia.
Samuel Jefferson joins the University of the District of Columbia David A. Clarke School of Law this fall as an Assistant Professor of Law.
Professor Jefferson earned his Bachelor of Arts degree at Georgetown University, and a J.D. and an LL.M. at the Georgetown University Law Center. Upon graduation from law school, Professor Jefferson clerked at the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia for the Honorable Deborah Robinson and then joined the firm, Anderson Kill Olick & Oshinsky, where his primary practice area was insurance coverage. In 1996, he continued the practice of law at Dickstein Shapiro Morin & Oshinsky where he represented various Fortune 500 companies in complex civil litigation and professional athletes and entertainers in numerous endeavors including formation of corporations, negotiating and drafting agreements, and intellectual property matters.
As a teaching fellow at the Harrison Institute Legal Clinic at Georgetown University Law Center, Professor Jefferson taught seminars and classes and supervised student teams in legal representation of clients for transactional matters related to the acquisition of multi-million dollar, multi-family housing projects. He also conducts seminars and workshops for the AYA Educational Institute throughout the United States for African-American men and women, focusing on empowerment and the examination of multicultural issues including racism, sexism, classism, and homophobia.
Professor Jefferson founded Amistad, Inc., a publishing company for community based poets, authored two books of poetry, A...Z...Infinity and Crucifixion of My Soul, and has performed his works of poetry for audiences from California to New York. After college, he played professional basketball with the Washington Wizards.
For academic year 2006-2007, Professor Jefferson will teach a section of Contracts and Community Development Clinic.
Roy Balleste is the new Director of the UDC-DCSL Law Library and an Assistant Professor of Law.
Professor Balleste received his B.A. in Political Science from Jacksonville University, a Juris Doctor degree from St. Thomas University School of Law, a Master of Arts in Library Science from the University of South Florida, and a Master of Laws in Intercultural Human Rights from St. Thomas University School of Law. He is a 2007 candidate for a Doctor of Science of Law in Intercultural Human Rights from St. Thomas.
Professor Balleste began his law librarianship career as a law student at the St. Thomas University Law Library, Miami Florida, and then became law librarian at a private law firm in 1997. After a tour in the U.S. Army, he was appointed Electronic Services Librarian at Nova Southeastern University Law Library and Technology Center in 2000. In 2002 Professor Balleste returned to St. Thomas University where he was promoted to Head of Public Services. In 2004 he was appointed Associate Law Library Director at Nova Southeastern University Law Library and Technology Center, gaining progressively responsible experience managing, developing and delivering traditional and technology-based library services.
At UDC-DCSL, he will be responsible for all aspects of the law library, including shaping the future of the library collection to support and promote the research and scholarship activities of the faculty and students, and developing and managing resources to enhance the use of information technology in legal education and improve the support of technology used by all members of the law school community.
Professor Balleste has written widely in the areas of Web design technologies, artificial intelligence, electronic reference services, and Internet governance and human rights. His teaching experience includes such courses as Computers and the Law and an online course, Law Librarianship.
Three new adjunct faculty members are joining the Legal Writing faculty this fall.
Karen Evans was a Captain in the United States Air Force where she practiced medical/surgical and intensive care nursing before receiving her law degree. Prior to joining Jack H. Olender & Associates as a plaintiffs trial attorney, she successfully represented HMO's, doctors and nurses who were defendants in medical malpractice cases. From 1995 to 2000, Professor Evans successfully defended more than 92 percent of all serious medical malpractice cases tried to jury verdict.
A registered nurse, Professor Evans is a member of the American Association of Nurse Attorneys. She serves on the Board of Governors of the Trial Lawyers Association of the District of Columbia and is the Advisory Director of the Virginia Commission on Women and Minorities in the Legal System. She is a volunteer mediator with the Alternative Dispute Resolution Programs of the D.C. Superior Court and the District Court for the District of Columbia. She has lectured on legal and medical issues on many occasions, including programs sponsored by the Virginia Nurses Association, the National Business Institute, the D.C. Bar, The George Washington University Law School, and the Trial Lawyers Association, D.C.
Professor Evans received a Bachelor of Science in Nursing at East Carolina University and a J.D. from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. She will teach Lawyering Process this academic year.
Isaac Campbell has been a trial attorney at the United States Department of Justice for the past five years. In the Office of Immigration Litigation, he represented the U.S. Attorney General in appellate review petitions by aliens challenging orders of removal, denials of political asylum, and other immigration benefits. While working in the Federal Programs Branch, Professor Campbell was responsible for the defense against constitutional challenges to federal statutes, suits to overturn government policies and programs, and attacks on the legality of government decisions in the areas of discrimination, First Amendment challenges, and regulatory enforcement. Immediately upon graduation from law school, he worked at the firm of Wiley, Rein & Fielding in the telecommunications, litigation, and franchise practice areas.
As an attorney volunteer with the Federal Communications Bar Association, Professor Campbell has provided legal assistance at a pro bono community clinic representing low income and indigent residents of Washington, D.C., on a variety of matters including landlord-tenant disputes, domestic abuse and custody hearings, immigration matters and employer-employee conflicts.
Professor Campbell received a B.A. from the State University of New York at Stony Brook, and a J.D. from the Howard University School of Law. He will teach Moot Court this academic year.
Abigail Williams has had extensive experience as an Assistant State's Attorney at the Cook County State's Attorney's Office. In the Criminal Prosecutions Bureau, she prepared appellate briefs, litigated in bench and jury trials, participated in victim sensitive interviews to obtain facts of alleged sexual abuse from child victims, and advised police officers on evidentiary and legal situations. In the Juvenile Justice Bureau, she served as first chair, litigating civil cases involving child abuse, neglect, and custody issues, served as the liaison to community organizations, and was a member of a group that worked with hospitals to evaluate medical treatment and services for alleged victims of abuse and neglect. Professor Williams has served as a volunteer instructor at the Chicago Military Academy and for several years has been a mentor at Law Camp.
Professor Williams received a B.S. in biochemistry from Iowa State University and a J.D. from Howard University School of Law. She will teach Lawyering Process this academic year.
The District of Columbia Bar Foundation has named Professor Edward Allen the winner of the Jerrold Scoutt Prize, which will be presented at the DC Judicial & Bar Conference on March 31, 2006. The Scoutt Prize honors the founding partner of Zuckert, Scoutt & Rasenberger, L.L.P., and is awarded annually to a member of the D.C. Bar employed by a nonprofit organization that provides direct legal services to the poor.
Professor Allen directs the UDC-DCSL Housing & Consumer Law Clinic, where students provide direct legal representation to D.C. residents in housing-related matters. A nationally recognized authority in the field of housing law, he served as a managing attorney of the Housing Office of the Legal Aid Society from 1975 to 1977. He directed the Housing Clinic at Antioch School of Law for a decade. Under his supervision, the Housing & Consumer Law Clinic has successfully argued a number of appellate issues of first impression, some of which, for example, tenants' rights in bankruptcy proceedings, have nationwide implications. Professor Allen, who was a Fulbright Scholar, writes and lectures about housing discrimination and the federal Fair Housing Act. He has been active in the D.C. legal community, and is currently a member of the Rent Control Task Force for the D.C. Council's Committee on Consumer and Regulatory Affairs.
Jacqueline Lainez has been named Director of the School of Law's new Low-Income Tax Clinic (LITC) which opened its doors in January 2006.
Professor Lainez has specialized in tax law since her graduation from law school. She first worked as a Tax Analyst at CCH Incorporated, reviewing, analyzing and reporting tax cases, administrative rulings and regulations for three state tax reporters, and volunteered with the Center for Economic Progress' Midwest Low-Income Tax Clinic handling tax controversy cases. She joined the Center as Assistant Director of the LITC in 2002 where she carried her own caseload and managed 30 volunteer attorneys and accountants, handling an average of 300 cases a year. Professor Lainez also developed low-income taxpayer advocacy materials for distribution to community tax organizations throughout the country and appeared on cable television programs to discuss low income and immigration issues.
In 2004, Professor Lainez joined the Law Offices of Fichera & Miller where she specialized in workers' compensation and personal injury at administrative hearings, arbitrations and jury trials, with Spanish-speaking clients representing approximately 65% of her caseload. She simultaneously consulted for the Low-Income Tax Clinic at the Center for Economic Progress where she was responsible for pro bono attorney and law student recruitment and training. She developed a pro bono attorney and volunteer training manual on tax controversy representation before the IRS and in U.S. Tax Court. She also provided guidance and legal counsel to LITC staff on a variety of issues, including undocumented taxpayer concerns.
Professor Lainez earned her Bachelor of Arts degree at the College of New Jersey and her Juris Doctor at The John Marshall Law School in Chicago. In Chicago, she was an active member of the Hispanic Lawyers Association's Community Outreach/Immigration Committee; the Alliance for Women of the Chicago Bar Association; and the Abraham Lincoln Marovitz Lend-A-Hand Program, a project of the Chicago Bar Association and Foundation.
Professor Charles H. Martin joined the faculty in 2005 as a visiting associate professor of law. He earned a Bachelor of Arts degree, cum laude, at Harvard University, a J.D. at Boalt Hall School of Law at the University of California, Berkeley, and an M.B.A. at Columbia Business School.
After his graduation from law school, Professor Martin practiced law at Hogan & Hartson, the U.S. Department of the Navy, the D.C. Office of Corporation Counsel, and the Office of Legal Affairs in Florida. He also taught at Florida State University College of Law and Villanova Law School. In 1987, Professor Martin began a fourteen-year legal career at Sallie Mae in Washington, D.C. where he negotiated contracts for over $1 billion in taxable and tax-exempt financing of facilities for colleges and universities, among other projects.
After receiving his M.B.A., Professor Martin accepted an appointment as a Visiting Faculty Fellow of the Civic Education Project, teaching law at three universities in Baku, Azerbaijan. Most recently, he taught foreign lawyers and graduate students at George Soros's Open Society Institute Network Scholarships Pre-Academic Summer Program in Istanbul, Turkey.
During academic year 2005-2006, Professor Martin will teach a section of Contracts, International Business Transactions, and Commercial Law: Secured Transactions and Payment Systems (UCC I).
On June 9, 2005, the National Council on Disability reissued a position paper written by UDC-DCSL Professor Robert Burgdorf that outlines the Council's official stance on assisted suicide. Professor Burgdorf's original paper, "Assisted Suicide: A Disability Perspective," was adopted by the Council in 1997. The reissued paper includes a cover memorandum describing interim events and reaffirming the Council's stance. The updated paper, "Cover Memorandum upon the Reissuance of the NCD Statement Opposing Legalization of Assisted Suicide," was written by Diane Coleman, President of Not Dead Yet. The National Council on Disability is the principal agency within the federal government charged with the responsibility of providing cross-disability policy analysis and recommendations regarding government programs and policies that affect people with disabilities.
Professor Burgdorf is a nationally recognized authority on disability law. He is the drafter of the original Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) bill introduced in Congress in 1988. His other writings on disability rights include The Legal Rights of Handicapped Persons: Cases, Materials and Text (author/editor), the first law school casebook on the subject; Accomodating the Spectrum of Individual Abilities (co-author), the U.S. Commission on Civil Rights' first major report on discrimination against people with disabilities; Toward Independence (principal staff author), the National Council on the Handicapped's 1986 report to the President and Congress that first presented the concept of an ADA; Disability Discrimination in Employment Law, a comprehensive legal treatise on the rights of people with disabilities in the workplace; Righting the ADA, the 2004 report of the National Council on Disability that presents proposals for undoing harmful court interpretations of the ADA; various legal briefs in important cases; and several influential law review articles.
Dean Broderick was presented with the Legal Aid Society of the District of Columbia's "Servant of Justice Award" at the 16th Annual Servants of Justice Awards Dinner on April 21, 2005. The award recognizes those in the D.C. community who have demonstrated a commitment to pro bono legal representation. Also honored this year was Andrew Marks, a partner with Crowell & Moring LLP. Past award winners include Supreme Court Justice Thurgood Marshall and U.S. Attorney General of the United States Janet Reno.
In the words of the Legal Aid Society, "Each year since 1990, the Legal Aid Society has
presented the "Servant of Justice" award to honorees who have demonstrated unswerving dedication and achievement in providing access to all persons, regardless of income, to representation before the District of Columbia courts and agencies. The Award is based on the fundamental principle that the quality of civilization is measured by its ability to achieve justice, not just for some, but for all.
This year's honorees and the past recipients have made this belief part of their personal and professional identities. They have demonstrated on a daily basis their commitment to and concerns for the community of which they are a part. The "Servant of Justice" Award expresses our gratitude for their life-long commitment to community service."
In addition, the Young Lawyers Section of the Bar Association of the District of Columbia (BADC) has awarded Dean Shelley Broderick its Annice M. Wagner Pioneer Award for "changing the legal landscape in the District of Columbia." The award was presented during BADC's 133rd Annual Banquet on December 4, 2004. The black tie gala brought 400 attendees to the Italian Embassy for the awards ceremony, dinner, and dancing, and served as a fundraiser for legal services affecting children in the District of Columbia. Also honored were Fred Fielding and Jamie Gorelick, who were presented with Lawyer of the Year awards, Layli Miller-Muro, as Young Lawyer of the Year, and recently retired U.S. District Court Judge Thomas Penfield Jackson, who received the Judicial Honoree award.
Points of View: Commentary and Analysis
Shelley Broderick
Dean, David A. Clarke School of Law
University of the District of Columbia
As the proverbial card-carrying member of the American Civil Liberties Union, and a board member for the ACLU of the National Capital Area, last year I was delighted to join our law review in hosting a symposium entitled "Defending Civil Liberties in the Nation’s Capital Post-September 11th." Speaker after speaker decried the Bush administration's decisions to refuse judicial review under the federal habeas corpus statute for both aliens imprisoned in Guantánamo Bay, and American citizens held as enemy combatants in the United States.
In its brief in Hamdi v. Rumsfeld, encouraging the Supreme Court to uphold its views, the administration claimed that these were "quintessentially military judgements, representing a core exercise of the commander-in-chief authority" and therefore were "entitled to the utmost deference by a court."
I am usually an optimistic person, but it seemed all too reasonable to assume that the Supreme Court would rule in favor of the administration. After all, the president is typically afforded great deference in time of war—-remember Ex parte Quirin (1942) and Korematsu v. United States (1944)? Terrorism is a whole new kind of war. Civil liberties have taken a beating on every front with passage of the Patriot Act. And everyone, myself included, has frightening memories of 9/11.
So I was pleased and certainly surprised when the Supreme Court—-ruling in Hamdi, Rumsfeld v. Padilla, and Rasul v. Bush this past June—-roundly rejected the Bush administration’s assertions of claims of extraordinary and unreviewable executive power in the war on terror. Civil liberties, it turned out, are not quite dead in America.
This article is reprinted with permission from the December 20, 2004, issue of Legal Times. © 2004 ALM Properties, Inc. Further duplication without permission is prohibited. All rights reserved.
Associate Professor James C. Gray, Jr., was a principal architect of a legal strategy that recently culminated in a ruling by an international human rights tribunal that the United States is violating international law by denying congressional representation to residents of the District of Columbia.
Read more about the case in The Advocate.
In February, Adjunct Professor Stephen B. Mercer, '94, argued before the Maryland Court of Appeals in Horridge v. St. Mary's County Department of Social Services, a case that presents important questions about the rights of children and whether people harmed by the government will be afforded a judicial remedy.
Professor Mercer and his law partner Rene Sandler, '94, also a member of the law school's adjunct faculty, with consultative assistance from Associate Professor William G. McLain, have represented the parent of an abused child in what will be, for Maryland, a precedent-setting wrongful death action against the Department of Social Services and its employees.
Read more about the case in The Advocate.
AALS Honors Thomas!The Association of American Law Schools (AALS) highlights the importance of excellence in teaching by recognizing and honoring law faculty who have been selected as "outstanding teachers" at their law schools. Professor Alice M. Thomas, who was selected as outstanding
teacher of the year by the Class of 2003, was honored at the AALS Annual Meeting in Atlanta, Georgia.

Excerpt from the May 2003 issue of Capital Area Liberties, written by ACLU-NCA Executive Director Johnny Barnes:
Another highlight of the [Bill of Rights] Dinner was the Special Recognition Award presented to the University of the District of Columbia David A. Clarke School of Law. [...]
In a unique demonstration of continuity of commitment, current Dean Shelley Broderick gathered all past Law School Deans, along with the current Chair of the Law School's Board of Trustees, Professor Charles Ogletree of Harvard University Law School, and together they accepted the Award. Geoff Aronow, ACLU-NCA President, spoke about the reason for its recognition: "The David A. Clarke School of Law at the University of the District of Columbia is more than a public law school. Founded in 1988, it has been an institution where low income District residents and students from racial, ethnic and other traditionally underrepresented backgrounds have been given the opportunity to study law."
Jeffrey Clarke, the son of David A. Clarke, former Chair of the D.C. Council, after whom the Law School is named; Olie Rauh, the widow and activist partner of long-time ACLU supporter Joe Rauh, who, together with Dave Clarke, forged the way for the creation and development of the Law School; and Michael Rauh, Joe's son and Chair of the David A. Clarke School of Law Foundation, were all on hand to comment on the evening and the importance of the Award.
"Together Jeffrey, Olie and Michael, and who they represent tonight, symbolize the kind of deep and determined resolve that each of you have and must have as we struggle with the unfriendly clash of war's constraints against the power of our liberties. In the end, like the David A. Clarke School of Law, we shall prevail," Aronow concluded.
Capital Area Liberties is the newsletter of the American Civil Liberties Union of the National Capital Area (ACLU-NCA).
Courses and clinics at the University of the District of Columbia School of Law are taught by faculty who are also dedicated public interest attorneys. They have both excellent academic credentials and extensive experience gained in private law practice, government service, public interest legal work, and in state and federal courts. Some of their accomplishments include:

Dean Broderick with faculty and alumni who were sworn
into the Supreme Court Bar.